I am Nujood, Age 10 and Divorced

Introduction What would one do if faced with stressful encounters of forced and non-working marriage? Quitting the marriage, better known as divorce in the marriage institution, is the best answer for majority of the victims of such a situation. Imagine being exposed to mistreatments by an in-law mother at a tender age of 10! In I am, Nujood, Age 10 and divorced, Nujood gives a personal narration of an abused marriage, which she found herself into after a strong force by her parents to do so.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on I am Nujood, Age 10 and Divorced specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Poverty is perhaps one of the contributing factors forcing parents in rural Yemen to curtail their young girl’s education to marry them to men three times their senior. As the paper points out, the women characters employed in the book ‘I am Nujood, Age 10 and Divorced’ stand out as no more than commodities a nd displays of honor. Women as objects of honor Conferment of honor to women comprises the major theme of the book. In Nujood’s world, one sees women as objects that could bring honor reducing financial challenges to their families perhaps by reducing the burden on parents since marrying a girl off reduces the number of mouths to feed. Acts such early marriage need not be condoned. It seems that women freedom of choice has been much eroded. Nujood says, â€Å"I’m a simple village girl who has always obeyed the orders of my father and brothers. Since forever, I have learned to say yes to everything. Today I have decided to say no† (Nujood, and Minoui 41). Surprisingly, sufficient women’s freedom denial to make their own decisions is even propagated by their brothers who are perhaps seen as more important in the society. Take for instance the Nujood’s predicament; she is battered by her ‘husband’ and treated inappropriately by her in-law mother though she is supposed to bring honor in her family: as her father anticipates. It is intriguing to contemplate the ability of women to bring forth societal honor by depriving them off their freedom of choice and cutting short their efforts to pursue their long life dreams. Nujood is evidently a brilliant woman. In the light of provisions of equal rights to both genders, what could have made Nujood a better source of honor? Is it marrying her off or providing her with an opportunity to pursue education early, enough to be what she is now? In the book, Nujood narrates how she utilized the better part of her time crying while hiding in a corner since she cannot tolerate her husband’s marital rape and her in-law mother’s beatings. She has no permission to play with other kids. While she complained about it, the response is that such permission cannot be granted since it cannot give a good reflection of the marital family’s image. Consequently, one could not perceive the family with honor.Advertising Looking for essay on american literature? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Surprisingly, the motherly concern seems to depend on the instincts well shaped by the society. This fact is well illustrated by the fact that, when Nujood complains about the marital home acts of mistreatment, her real mother responds to her that â€Å"That’s how life is, Nujood: all women must endure this; we have all gone through the same thing† (Nujood, and Minoui 67). According to the cultural norms, freeing marriage for a woman’s paternal home can have a negative repercussion to the family’s honor before the eyes of the society. No matter the magnitude of problems and challenges in the marital home, a woman has to learn to endure and live up with them. Otherwise, she will deprive the family and consequently the society of the respect based on the virtual presence of the woman. Nujood is such an object. She has to maintain this family attribute despite the evident vicissitudes. However, since she is determined to seek for her freedom and honor no matter whether it meant failing to meet the societal expectations or not, she chooses to seek for a courthouse shelter in the capital of Yemen. She opts to claim her due honor as a woman. Opposed to the media’s perception, that the situation is such as the one Nujood found herself engulfed in is being fostered by the Yemeni Islamic practices, in I am, Nujood, Age 10 and Divorced, Nujood makes it frankly clear that the practices can be routed to the Yemeni ideas of male dominance and honor coupled with women discriminating tribal cultures. Her family’s faith alongside with the one she personally subscribes to remain well interwoven throughout the Nujood’s story bringing out clearly their various theological differences. Nujood eyes the person who took up her case and laments, â€Å"Like Shada, I will wear high heels, and I will not cover my face† (Nujood, and Minoui 105). More often, culture as well as the failure to subscribe to a given religion results to an unfair treatment of women in comparison to their male counterparts. To Nujood, the perception that she is to deliver honor to both families by not playing like other children her age or her mother’s demand that she sticks to the marital home irrespective of her encounters is more of societal making through its cultural norms. On her part, she is neither remorseful nor resentful about her subscription to Islam faith. Furthermore, she does not attribute the long endured rights abuse to Islam. All she has is an incredibly immense problem with the practices of the cultural system of her land. Accordingly, justice to women appears to be something not well inculcated in the Nujood’s world. Despite giving her story concisely of how she sorts to say enough to battery marriage and thus opt for a divorce, one can enormously empathize with her predicament.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on I am Nujood, Age 10 and Divorced specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More This is why the reader also encounters introductions of good men: lawyers and judges, who cling on the Nujood’s side, holding the view that Nujood should receive her due honor rather than the evident marital affliction she encounters, which on the other hand have left her disrespected. Unfortunately, since women are perceived as objects of honor conferment and that the legal proceeding are conducted in an environment dominated by male prominence stereotypes, these good men do not have the foundation to peg their decisions to assist her. However, with the aid of activist lawyer and international press, she manages to divorce her aged husband finding her way back home where she can enjoy her full dignity as a woman rather than just a thing/commodity. Conclusio n Women, like Nujood, who the society views as tools of bringing honor in their families need to be given an ardent hearing. Besides the respect that the society wishes to get from women, they too deserve a good share of it. Such concerns have been voiced elsewhere across the globe. I am Nujood, Age 10 and divorced serves as a revelation by shedding light about the malpractice of lifting off children rights: something that has resulted to the destruction of lives of children for many years. In Yemen, Nujood sets path for other children to rise up against perception of women as objects of honor and commodities of trade particularly by becoming the first Yemen bride child to win a divorce court case. By borrowing from Nujood’s enthusiastic steps to fight for her rightful position, several divorce bride cases in Middle East states including Yemen have been granted followed by increased campaign for enforcement of underage marriage laws. In fact, she has been named the 2008 Glamo ur woman of the year and consequently profiled in New York Times, Time magazine and Los Angeles Times. Works Cited Nujood, Ali, and Minoui, Delphine. I am Nujood, Age 10 and Divorced. Trans. Coverdale, Linda. New York: Broadway, 2010. This essay on I am Nujood, Age 10 and Divorced was written and submitted by user Lia Noble to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. 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Environmental Analysis for Dominos Pizza Essays

Environmental Analysis for Dominos Pizza Essays Environmental Analysis for Dominos Pizza Paper Environmental Analysis for Dominos Pizza Paper Dominos Pizza Analysis Dominos Pizza was founded in 1960 and operates a network of company- owned and franchise-owned stores in the U. S. A. And internationally. Dominos is recognized world wide as the leader in pizza delivery, Reinforced by their well-known slogan, Get the door. Its Dominos. In order to effectively do an environmental analysis, one must look at the companys external environment. The external environment has 3 components: the remote environment, the industry environment, and the operating environment. Each of those three components have their own subcategories. In this paper I will describe some of the external factors that will affect Dominos external environment over the next ten years. In the remote environment will discuss the economic, social, and technological issues that will affect Dominos over the next decade. For the industry environment I will discuss the substitute availability and competitive rivalry facing Dominos. Finally, for the operating environment, I will be discussing the competitors, customers, and suppliers. When combining all of the information, will be able to project some long term objectives for Dominos Pizza. To achieve long-term prosperity, strategic planners commonly establish long-term objectives in seven areas: Profitability, productivity, competitive position, employee development, employee, relations, technological leadership, and public responsibility. Will use a few of these objectives in order to formulate a plan for Dominos Pizza. Remote Environment Economic factors concern the nature and direction of the economy in which a firm operates. Because consumption patterns are affected by the relative affluence of various market segments, each firm must consider economic rends in the segments that affect its industry. World events can affect the consumers purchasing habits in a negative or positive way. Recent events such as Hurricane Strain, and the attacks on the world trade center. These events had a negative effect on our economy, and consumers were spending less money. However, in the next ten years the economy is forecasted to improve, allowing consumers to spend more. Consumers are forecasted to have higher levels of disposable income over the next few years. Real disposable household income is expected to increase y nearly 12% over the next five years resulting in more opportunity for expenditure on home delivered food. Over a twenty to thirty year period, the numbers of older people will continue to increase. The research suggests that firms in the home delivery market can benefit from this by building and keeping brand loyalty amongst a generation of people who have grown up as pizza consumers and whose incomes and affluence are likely to grow. The social factors that affect a firm involve the beliefs, values, attitudes, opinions, and lifestyles of persons in the firms external environment, as plopped from cultural, ecological, demographic, religious, educational, and ethnic conditioning. As social attitudes change, so does the demand for delivery pizza. The research shows that, on average, adults in the US eat out and/or eat delivered/take-away meals around 80 times a year. Researchers look at the impact of freeing up time normally spent on preparing food at home, as creating a time oasis. As Americans become busier with their careers and lives, they have less time to prepare meals at home, and the amount of people eating out or ordering in will increase. To avoid obsolescence and promote innovation, a firm must be aware of technological changes that might influence its industry. Creative technological adaptations can suggest possibilities for new products, for improvements in existing products, or in manufacturing and marketing techniques. A technological breakthrough can have a sudden and dramatic effect on a firms environment. In the short term more people will have access to interactive technologies, up from 70% today to 90%, and the number of broadband users will rise. These people will become better at and more confident about e-commerce and buying food online. The report indicates that home food delivery firms already active in this area are likely to be especially successful. Industry Environment Brand identification creates a barrier by forcing entrants to spend heavily to overcome customer loyalty. Advertising, customer service, being first in the industry, and product differences are among the factors fostering brand identification. Dominos Pizza is a proven entity with a 44-year history. They are reinforced by their slogan, Get the door. Its Dominos. Operating Environment. Although the exact criteria used in constructing a competitors profile are argyle determined by situational factors, the following criteria are often included: Market share. Breadth of product line. Effectiveness of sales distribution. Proprietary and key-account advantages. Price competitiveness. Advertising and promotion effectiveness. Location and age of facility. Capacity and productivity. Experience. Raw materials costs. Financial position. Relative product quality. RD advantages position. Caliber of personnel. General images. Customer profile. Patents and copyrights. Union relations. Technological position. Community reputation. In reviewing each of these items, Pizza Hut is the only competitor Domino has that even remotely compares to Dominos Pizza. Dominos Pizza is the number one Pizza Delivery company in the United States. Perhaps the most important aspect of a companys success is their customers. Dominos exists to fulfill a basic need for their customers to provide a high quality, freshly prepared, hot meal delivered on time, every time. Dependable relationships between a firm and its suppliers are essential to he firms long-term survival and growth. A firm regularly relies on its suppliers for financial support, services, materials, and equipment. In addition, it occasionally is forced to make special requests for such favors as quick delivery, liberal credit terms, or broken-lot orders. Dominos Pizza prefers to develop long-term partnerships with proactive suppliers who anticipate their needs, generate cost-saving measures and solve problems to create mutually advantageous outcomes. Dominos is always interested in the potential to establish similar working relationships with new suppliers. They will award business on a competitive basis. Careful source review and selection is important. Pricing is not the only criteria. They demand the very best from our suppliers. Our decisions are based on the ability of suppliers to meet our needs competitive pricing, high product quality and exceptional service levels. Dominos is committed to developing mutually beneficial relationships with a diverse group of suppliers, including minority- and women-owned businesses. We know that having a diverse supplier base makes both Dominos and the diverse businesses stronger in their communities.

Income Tax Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Income Tax - Coursework Example 2. Wages and salaries was composed of: †¨Salary taken by Ronni,  £25,000 †¨Wages paid to Bryn (Ronni’s father) for work done to repair bicycles, at a rate of  £20 per hour (30 hrs x 48 weeks) =  £28,800 †¨Wages paid to assistant bicycle repairer at a rate of  £15 per hour (30 hrs x 48 weeks) =  £21,600 †¨Casual help in shop,  £5,400 †¨Ã¢â‚¬ ¨ 4. Repairs and renewals was composed of: †¨Repairs to warehouse floor  £850 †¨Repairs to flat above shop  £750 †¨Cleaning materials  £300 †¨Cleaning contract for shop and workshop †¨Ã‚ £500 †¨Sundry small items  £250 †¨Ã¢â‚¬ ¨Ã¢â‚¬ ¨Ã¢â‚¬ ¨ 5. Motor Expenses mainly for the cost of running Ronni’s estate car used for collecting/delivering broken/mended bicycles and for transporting items for the shop from the cash and carry outlet. Private use of the car had been agreed at 30%. †¨Diesel fuel, car  £8500 †¨Insurance for car  £1200 †¨Repairs, car  £350 †¨Road fund tax, car  £375 †¨Rental of van  £600 †¨Ã¢â‚¬ ¨ 7. Sundry expenses of were composed of: †¨Subscription to magazine, ‘Cycling Today’ †¨Ã‚ £100 †¨Subscription to Green party  £50 †¨Subscription to ‘New Transport Systems’ †¨Ã‚ £24 †¨Sponsorship of local junior school cycling proficiency awards  £50 †¨Donation to Green party  £25 †¨Donation to local hospital A&E department (Ronni had an accident and broke her arm)  £100 †¨Ã¢â‚¬ ¨Postage, stationery and telephone expenses  £100 †¨Ã¢â‚¬ ¨Accountancy charges  £80 †¨Sundry other items  £100†¨Ã¢â‚¬ ¨ Calculate the taxable trading profit for Ronni’s business for the year ended 30 September 2011. †¨You should provide your own data where none is given, ensuring that you retain a taxable trading profit (i.e. not a trading loss) and should ensure that you choose data that will fully demonstrate your knowledge of taxation. Calculate the Income tax payable by Ronni for the tax year 2011/12, providing your own data where none is given, to fully demonstrate your knowledge

Biochem question and answer Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Biochem question and answer - Assignment Example Milk proteins are digested in the stomach and duodenum by proteolytic enzymes into peptides and finally amino acids that are absorbed in the small intestines. Bile salts emulsify fats after which pancreatic lipase breaks them into fatty acids and glycerol molecules that are absorbed in the ileum. The sucrose is broken down into glucose and fructose in the duodenum by enzyme sucrase, and the monosaccharides are absorbed in the ileum (Digestion and absorption, n.d.). Apples and carrots contain vitamins and mineral salts, which do not undergo digestion, but are directly absorbed into the small intestines. Oxidative phosphorylation is a metabolic pathway, which utilizes energy from the oxidation of food to produce ATP. All the electrons from NADH and FADH2 go to the oxidative phosphorylation cycle following release from the TCA cycle. Oxidative phosphorylation takes electrons from these molecules and transfers them to oxygen, making ATP in the process. This process occurs in the mitochondria. NADH and FADH2 are oxidized into NAD+ and FAD, whereas oxygen is reduced by H+ ions into water. NAD-linked dehydrogenases remove electrons from substrates to NAD in reversible reactions. The malate-aspartate shuttle or the alpha-glycerol phosphate shuttle conveys electrons from NADH outside the mitochondria (the two complexes involved in the process). Blood supplies oxygen to the process. A specific translocase exchanges ADP outside the mitochondria for ATP inside the mitochondria. The end products are water, ATP, and NAD+ or FAD. Cyanide, azide, and CO are metabolic poisons, which are so toxic t o us because they block the transfer of electrons to oxygen hence inhibiting the whole process (Gilbert,

Real Estate Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Real Estate - Essay Example In this case, the client claims to have using the neighbors land for the last 15 years. According to the client, for the last 15 years he has heavily invested in farming on the land that belongs to the neighbor. Additionally, he claims that out of that farming activity he has managed to harvest various crops throughout the 15 years period. In order to establish whether the client can claim ownership of the piece of land, it is good to assess whether he meets the requirements provided for in the law in order to claim ownership. According to the state of Alabama adverse possession laws, a trespasser needs to meet the following requirements: the trespasser must have occupied the property for at least 15 years, he/she must occupy the property with or without the knowledge of the owner, he/she must be physically present on the land, he/she must be open in trespassing, and must be exclusive and continuous possession. Having considered the above requirements, the client is under legally entitled to own the land that belongs to his

Factors Affecting Organogenesis in Plant Tissue Culture

Factors Affecting Organogenesis in Plant Tissue Culture Organogenesis is the process of forming a specific organ from non-specific mass of meristem or parenchyma cell known as callus. In this experiment, auxin and cytokinin are used to determine the effect of PGR, auxin and cytokinin on the organogenesis in carrots and petunia leaves, in which auxin hormones responsible for growth of roots, phototropism and gravitropism, while, cytokinin helps in inducing the growth of shoots and regulates auxin action. Theoretically, the presence of high cytokinin and low auxin in the media, the shoots will form, meanwhile, in low level of cytokinin and high level of auxin in the media, roots will form. Meanwhile, in the presence of high concentration of both cytokinin and auxin, callus formation will be induced. However, in this experiment, production of the shoots and roots are not compatible with the theory due to improper ratio of auxin and cytokinin and the high toxicity of synthetic cytokinin, kinetin. Introduction Plant tissue culture (PTC) is the techniques used to grow plant from any of the plant segment, tissues or cell in a contaminated free environment media such as MS media (Singh Kumar, 2009). PTC techniques is important plant biotechnology aspect in which it facilitates the production of genetically modified plants and induced rapid multiplication of difficult-to-propagate plant species. Besides that, the ability to produce totipotent plant cell using PTC techniques has significant impact on crop improvement via genetic engineering (Radzan, 2003). There are two different processes, which involve explant differentiation and growth in PTC, which are organogenesis growth and adventititous roots or shoots growth directly from the explants. Organogenesis is the process of forming a specific organ from non-specific mass of meristem or parenchyma cell known as callus. Meanwhile, for formation of adventitious roots or shoots means the roots or shoots structure arise from the explants that have been excised (Pernisova et al., 2009). This situation does not usually happen if the plant sample are cultured in a medium with the same ratio of auxin and cytokinin. The presence of plant growth regulators (PGR) such as auxin, cytokinin, gibberellins, abscisic acid and ethylene has significant impact in the process of plant growth and differentiation. Gibberellins responsible for growth, seed germination and promote fruits growth. As for ethylene helps in controlling of fruit ripening as well as controlling cell division and cell elongation. Meanwhile, abscisic acid act on seed maturation and give the ability to the seeds to response during stress in undergoing dormancy period (Davies, 2010). However, in this experiment only, auxin and cytokinin are involve, in which auxin hormones responsible for growth of roots, phototropism and gravitropism, while, cytokinin helps in inducing the growth of shoots and regulates auxin action (Davies, 2010). In this experiment, NAA will be used as synthetic auxin and kinetin and BAP as synthetic cytokinin. This experiment was conducted in order to determine the effect of PGR, auxin and cytokinin on the organogenesis in carrots and petunia leaves. Materials and methods Plant materials For petunia leaves samples, the leaves were provided by lab technician in Monash University Sunway Campus. Firstly, 18 petunia leaves were collected from the petunia leaves petri dish. Then, the petunia leaves were soaked using 10% (v/v) of sodium hypochlorite for not more than 5 minutes. The leaves were then rinsed using sterile water in a laminar flow cabinet. Then, 2 petunia leaves were added in each petri dish with different ratios of NAA:BAP and NAA:Kinetin. The same methods were implied to the carrot. However, the carrot sample was cut into 27 pieces about 0.5cm thick on the surface of sterile ceramic tile. After soaking the carrot samples in sodium hypochlorite and rinsed for three times, 3 carrot pieces was transferred into petri dish with different ratios of NAA:BAP and NAA:Kinetin. The result recorded based on table 1 and table 2. Tissue culture media MS media supplemented with combination of high cytokinin to low auxin were prepared by the lab technician as follows: NAA:Kinetin ratios (2:0, 0.5:1, 1:0.5, and 0:2) and NAA:BAP ratios (2:0, 0.5:1, 1:0.5, and 0:2). Additional of two control plate with MS media that supplemented with same ratio of auxin and cytokinin were also prepared by the lab technician. Culture condition The transferred petunia leaves and carrot pieces in the 18 petri dishes were incubated for 28days in 25ÂÂÂ ±2ÂÂÂ °C temperature, and photoperiod of 16hours in light 8hours in dark as provided in plant culturing room in Monash University Sunway Campus. In addition, for every 4 days, the tissue cultured was checked to whether there are presents of contamination and to transfer the samples into new MS plates. Results and discussion Effect on carrot slices Based on the result obtained in table 1, it shows that for carrot samples, the formation of callus can be seen all of petri dish with various ratios of either BAP:NAA or Kinetin:NAA. Theoretically, the formation of callus is due to the high concentration of both the cytokinin and auxin in a growth media (Duncan et al., 1985). Since all the plates are containing callus, it can be deduced that the growth of callus can be formed by excision of the plant cell. Meanwhile, for formation of roots, only carrot samples from MS media supplemented with BAP:NAA with ratio of 0.0:2.0 which also shows formation of roots. This is because, according to the theory, in the presence of high cytokinin and low auxin in the media, the shoots will form, meanwhile, in low level of cytokinin and high level of auxin in the media, roots will form. However, in the presence of high concentration of both cytokinin and auxin, callus formation will be induced (Chawla, 2002). However, it can be seen that there is no production of shoots in other plates except in MS media containing 0.0BAP:2.0NAA. This may occur due to unsuitable ratios of cytokinin and auxin in MS media that may not favorable for carrot species to induce formation of shoots. Effect on petunia leaves By referring to table 2, it shows that petunia leaves sample that shows formation of callus, roots and shoots is the MS media supplemented with BAP:NAA with ratio of 0.5:1.0 and the control plate. This occur due to suitable ratio of cytokinin and auxin suplemeted in the MS media. Furthermore, only MS media supplemented with BAP:NAA with ratio of 0.0:2.0 shows the growth of shoots excluding the MS media supplemented with BAP:NAA with ratio of 0.5:1.0 and the control plate. Theoretically, the productions of shoots are triggered by high concentration of cytokinin and low concentration of auxin. However, in the ratio of 0.0BAP:2.0NAA, it is predicted that formation of roots will be induced, instead, shoots are forming. This occur due to presence of zeatin in petunia leaves. Zeatin is a natural cytokinin presence in the most green leaves that undergoing senescence (Singh et al., 1992). The presence of cytokinin in the media may mask the reaction of auxin hormone on the explants presence i n the media (Nakagawa et al., 2006). Therefore, the production shoots are triggered instead of roots. Based on the result in table 2, the production of roots and shoots are low due to due to the excessive amount of alcohol used during the sterilization process. Besides that, shoots and roots only produce in MS media supplemented with BAP:NAA and not in MS plate with Kinetin:NAA. This may occur due to the toxicity of the synthetic kinetin, that are not suitable for the growth of either shoots or roots on petunia leaves. There were also presence of contamination in the cultured plate of carrot sample, which involve MS media supplemented with BAP:NAA with ratio of 2.0:0.0 and MS media supplemented with Kinetin:NAA with ratio of 2.0:0.0. Meanwhile, for petunia leaves sample, the cultured plate that have been contaminated by fungal infection are MS media supplemented with BAP:NAA with ratio of 0.0:2.0 and ratio of 2.0:0.0 as well as MS media supplemented with Kinetin:NAA with ratio of 0.0:2.0 and ratio of 0.5:1.0. This may occur due to experimental error, in which contamination may occur due to improper techniques while doing PTC such as lack of using aseptic techniques to make sure sterile condition during transferring the samples into the MS plate. Conclusion In conclusion, suitable medium supplemented with correct ratio of cytokinin and auxin are the most important key in order to get successful induction of organogenesis in vitro. Besides that, sterile environment is also one of the important factors in determining the successfulness of PTC and in order to obtain expected

Interpreting Hamlet’s Ophelia Essay examples -- GCSE English Literatur

Interpreting Hamlet’s Ophelia Was Ophelia in love with Hamlet, or did she have more feeling for her father than for her boyfriend? In Shakespeare’s Hamlet was Ophelia’s madness contributed to by the prince’s rejection of her? The answers to these and other questions about this tragic figure will be given. Rebecca West in â€Å"A Court and World Infected by the Disease of Corruption† argues that Ophelia has no love for Hamlet, but only for her father: For the myth which has been built round Hamlet is never more perverse than when it pretends that Ophelia went mad for love and killed herself. No line in the play suggests that she felt either passion or affection for Hamlet. She never mentions him in the mad scene, and Horatio says of her, â€Å"She speaks much of her father.† Indeed she was in a situation which requires no sexual gloss. Her father had been murdered by a member of the royal house, and she found herself without protection, since her brother Laertes was in France, in the midst of a crisis such as might well send her out of her wits with fear. For the Danes hostile to the royal house made of her wrong a new pretext for their hostility, and the royal house, noting this, turned against her, helpless though she was [. . .]. (109) Beginning now with the play, the reader/viewer sees that the protagonist of the tragedy, Prince Hamlet, initially appears dressed in solemn black. He is mourning the death of his father, supposedly by snakebite, while he was away at Wittenberg as a student. Hamlet laments the hasty remarriage of his mother to his father’s brother, an incestuous act; thus in his first soliloquy he cries out, â€Å"Frailty, thy name is woman!† Ophelia enters the play with her brother Laertes, who, in parting for s... ...ies.† Readings on The Tragedies. Ed. Clarice Swisher. San Diego: Greenhaven Press, 1996. Rpt. from Shakespeare’s Women. N.p.: n.p., 1981. Shakespeare, William. The Tragedy of Hamlet, Prince of Denmark. Massachusetts Institute of Technology. 1995. http://www.chemicool.com/Shakespeare/hamlet/full.html Ward & Trent, et al. The Cambridge History of English and American Literature. New York: G.P. Putnam’s Sons, 1907–21; New York: Bartleby.com, 2000 http://www.bartleby.com/215/0816.html West, Rebecca. â€Å"A Court and World Infected by the Disease of Corruption.† Readings on Hamlet. Ed. Don Nardo. San Diego: Greenhaven Press, 1999. Rpt. from The Court and the Castle. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 1957. Wilkie, Brian and James Hurt. â€Å"Shakespeare.† Literature of the Western World. Ed. Brian Wilkie and James Hurt. New York: Macmillan Publishing Co., 1992.